SQL Reserved Words Overview
The following table lists all words reserved in the SQL standard.
| SQL-92 |
SQL-99 |
SQL-2003 |
| ABSOLUTE |
ABSOLUTE |
  |
| ACTION |
ACTION |
  |
| ADD |
ADD |
ADD |
|   |
AFTER |
  |
| ALL |
ALL |
ALL |
| ALLOCATE |
ALLOCATE |
ALLOCATE |
| ALTER |
ALTER |
ALTER |
| AND |
AND |
AND |
| ANY |
ANY |
ANY |
| ARE |
ARE |
ARE |
|   |
ARRAY |
ARRAY |
| AS |
AS |
AS |
| ASC |
ASC |
  |
|   |
ASENSITIVE |
ASENSITIVE |
| ASSERTION |
ASSERTION |
  |
|   |
ASYMMETRIC |
ASYMMETRIC |
| AT |
AT |
AT |
|   |
ATOMIC |
ATOMIC |
| AUTHORIZATION |
AUTHORIZATION |
AUTHORIZATION |
| AVG |
  |
  |
|   |
BEFORE |
  |
| BEGIN |
BEGIN |
BEGIN |
| BETWEEN |
BETWEEN |
BETWEEN |
|   |
  |
BIGINT |
|   |
BINARY |
BINARY |
| BIT |
BIT |
  |
| BIT_LENGTH |
  |
  |
|   |
BLOB |
BLOB |
|   |
BOOLEAN |
BOOLEAN |
| BOTH |
BOTH |
BOTH |
|   |
BREADTH |
  |
| BY |
BY |
BY |
| CALL |
CALL |
CALL |
|   |
  |
CALLED |
| CASCADE |
CASCADE |
  |
| CASCADED |
CASCADED |
CASCADED |
| CASE |
CASE |
CASE |
| CAST |
CAST |
CAST |
| CATALOG |
CATALOG |
  |
| CHAR |
CHAR |
CHAR |
| CHAR_LENGTH |
  |
  |
| CHARACTER |
CHARACTER |
CHARACTER |
| CHARACTER_LENGTH |
  |
  |
| CHECK |
CHECK |
CHECK |
|   |
CLOB |
CLOB |
| CLOSE |
CLOSE |
CLOSE |
| COALESCE |
  |
  |
| COLLATE |
COLLATE |
COLLATE |
| COLLATION |
COLLATION |
  |
| COLUMN |
COLUMN |
COLUMN |
| COMMIT |
COMMIT |
COMMIT |
| CONDITION |
CONDITION |
CONDITION |
| CONNECT |
CONNECT |
CONNECT |
| CONNECTION |
CONNECTION |
  |
| CONSTRAINT |
CONSTRAINT |
CONSTRAINT |
| CONSTRAINTS |
CONSTRAINTS |
  |
|   |
CONSTRUCTOR |
  |
| CONTAINS |
  |
  |
| CONTINUE |
CONTINUE |
CONTINUE |
| CONVERT |
  |
  |
| CORRESPONDING |
CORRESPONDING |
CORRESPONDING |
| COUNT |
  |
  |
| CREATE |
CREATE |
CREATE |
| CROSS |
CROSS |
CROSS |
|   |
CUBE |
CUBE |
| CURRENT |
CURRENT |
CURRENT |
| CURRENT_DATE |
CURRENT_DATE |
CURRENT_DATE |
|   |
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP |
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP |
| CURRENT_PATH |
CURRENT_PATH |
CURRENT_PATH |
|   |
CURRENT_ROLE |
CURRENT_ROLE |
| CURRENT_TIME |
CURRENT_TIME |
CURRENT_TIME |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
|   |
CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE |
CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE |
| CURRENT_USER |
CURRENT_USER |
CURRENT_USER |
| CURSOR |
CURSOR |
CURSOR |
|   |
CYCLE |
CYCLE |
|   |
DATA |
  |
| DATE |
DATE |
DATE |
| DAY |
DAY |
DAY |
| DEALLOCATE |
DEALLOCATE |
DEALLOCATE |
| DEC |
DEC |
DEC |
| DECIMAL |
DECIMAL |
DECIMAL |
| DECLARE |
DECLARE |
DECLARE |
| DEFAULT |
DEFAULT |
DEFAULT |
| DEFERRABLE |
DEFERRABLE |
  |
| DEFERRED |
DEFERRED |
  |
| DELETE |
DELETE |
DELETE |
|   |
DEPTH |
  |
|   |
DEREF |
DEREF |
| DESC |
DESC |
  |
| DESCRIBE |
DESCRIBE |
DESCRIBE |
| DESCRIPTOR |
DESCRIPTOR |
  |
| DETERMINISTIC |
DETERMINISTIC |
DETERMINISTIC |
| DIAGNOSTICS |
DIAGNOSTICS |
  |
| DISCONNECT |
DISCONNECT |
DISCONNECT |
| DISTINCT |
DISTINCT |
DISTINCT |
| DO |
DO |
DO |
| DOMAIN |
DOMAIN |
  |
| DOUBLE |
DOUBLE |
DOUBLE |
| DROP |
DROP |
DROP |
|   |
DYNAMIC |
DYNAMIC |
|   |
EACH |
EACH |
|   |
  |
ELEMENT |
| ELSE |
ELSE |
ELSE |
| ELSEIF |
ELSEIF |
ELSEIF |
| END |
END |
END |
|   |
EQUALS |
  |
| ESCAPE |
ESCAPE |
ESCAPE |
| EXCEPT |
EXCEPT |
EXCEPT |
| EXCEPTION |
EXCEPTION |
  |
| EXEC |
EXEC |
EXEC |
| EXECUTE |
EXECUTE |
EXECUTE |
| EXISTS |
EXISTS |
EXISTS |
| EXIT |
EXIT |
EXIT |
| EXTERNAL |
EXTERNAL |
EXTERNAL |
| EXTRACT |
  |
  |
| FALSE |
FALSE |
FALSE |
| FETCH |
FETCH |
FETCH |
|   |
FILTER |
FILTER |
| FIRST |
FIRST |
  |
| FLOAT |
FLOAT |
FLOAT |
| FOR |
FOR |
FOR |
| FOREIGN |
FOREIGN |
FOREIGN |
| FOUND |
FOUND |
  |
|   |
FREE |
FREE |
| FROM |
FROM |
FROM |
| FULL |
FULL |
FULL |
| FUNCTION |
FUNCTION |
FUNCTION |
|   |
GENERAL |
  |
| GET |
GET |
GET |
| GLOBAL |
GLOBAL |
GLOBAL |
| GO |
GO |
  |
| GOTO |
GOTO |
  |
| GRANT |
GRANT |
GRANT |
| GROUP |
GROUP |
GROUP |
|   |
GROUPING |
GROUPING |
| HANDLER |
HANDLER |
HANDLER |
| HAVING |
HAVING |
HAVING |
|   |
HOLD |
HOLD |
| HOUR |
HOUR |
HOUR |
| IDENTITY |
IDENTITY |
IDENTITY |
| IF |
IF |
IF |
| IMMEDIATE |
IMMEDIATE |
IMMEDIATE |
| IN |
IN |
IN |
| INDICATOR |
INDICATOR |
INDICATOR |
| INITIALLY |
INITIALLY |
  |
| INNER |
INNER |
INNER |
| INOUT |
INOUT |
INOUT |
| INPUT |
INPUT |
INPUT |
| INSENSITIVE |
INSENSITIVE |
INSENSITIVE |
| INSERT |
INSERT |
INSERT |
| INT |
INT |
INT |
| INTEGER |
INTEGER |
INTEGER |
| INTERSECT |
INTERSECT |
INTERSECT |
| INTERVAL |
INTERVAL |
INTERVAL |
| INTO |
INTO |
INTO |
| IS |
IS |
IS |
| ISOLATION |
ISOLATION |
  |
|   |
ITERATE |
ITERATE |
| JOIN |
JOIN |
JOIN |
| KEY |
KEY |
  |
| LANGUAGE |
LANGUAGE |
LANGUAGE |
|   |
LARGE |
LARGE |
| LAST |
LAST |
  |
|   |
LATERAL |
LATERAL |
| LEADING |
LEADING |
LEADING |
| LEAVE |
LEAVE |
LEAVE |
| LEFT |
LEFT |
LEFT |
| LEVEL |
LEVEL |
  |
| LIKE |
LIKE |
LIKE |
| LOCAL |
LOCAL |
LOCAL |
|   |
LOCALTIME |
LOCALTIME |
|   |
LOCALTIMESTAMP |
LOCALTIMESTAMP |
|   |
LOCATOR |
  |
| LOOP |
LOOP |
LOOP |
| LOWER |
  |
  |
|   |
MAP |
  |
| MATCH |
MATCH |
MATCH |
| MAX |
  |
  |
|   |
  |
MEMBER |
|   |
  |
MERGE |
|   |
METHOD |
METHOD |
| MIN |
  |
  |
| MINUTE |
MINUTE |
MINUTE |
|   |
MODIFIES |
MODIFIES |
| MODULE |
MODULE |
MODULE |
| MONTH |
MONTH |
MONTH |
|   |
  |
MULTISET |
| NAMES |
NAMES |
  |
| NATIONAL |
NATIONAL |
NATIONAL |
| NATURAL |
NATURAL |
NATURAL |
| NCHAR |
NCHAR |
NCHAR |
|   |
NCLOB |
NCLOB |
|   |
NEW |
NEW |
| NEXT |
NEXT |
  |
| NO |
NO |
NO |
|   |
NONE |
NONE |
| NOT |
NOT |
NOT |
| NULL |
NULL |
NULL |
| NULLIF |
  |
  |
| NUMERIC |
NUMERIC |
NUMERIC |
|   |
OBJECT |
  |
| OCTET_LENGTH |
  |
  |
| OF |
OF |
OF |
|   |
OLD |
OLD |
| ON |
ON |
ON |
| ONLY |
ONLY |
ONLY |
| OPEN |
OPEN |
OPEN |
| OPTION |
OPTION |
  |
| OR |
OR |
OR |
| ORDER |
ORDER |
ORDER |
|   |
ORDINALITY |
  |
| OUT |
OUT |
OUT |
| OUTER |
OUTER |
OUTER |
| OUTPUT |
OUTPUT |
OUTPUT |
|   |
OVER |
OVER |
| OVERLAPS |
OVERLAPS |
OVERLAPS |
| PAD |
PAD |
  |
| PARAMETER |
PARAMETER |
PARAMETER |
| PARTIAL |
PARTIAL |
  |
|   |
PARTITION |
PARTITION |
| PATH |
PATH |
  |
| POSITION |
  |
  |
| PRECISION |
PRECISION |
PRECISION |
| PREPARE |
PREPARE |
PREPARE |
| PRESERVE |
PRESERVE |
  |
| PRIMARY |
PRIMARY |
PRIMARY |
| PRIOR |
PRIOR |
  |
| PRIVILEGES |
PRIVILEGES |
  |
| PROCEDURE |
PROCEDURE |
PROCEDURE |
| PUBLIC |
PUBLIC |
  |
|   |
RANGE |
RANGE |
| READ |
READ |
  |
|   |
READS |
READS |
| REAL |
REAL |
REAL |
|   |
RECURSIVE |
RECURSIVE |
|   |
REF |
REF |
| REFERENCES |
REFERENCES |
REFERENCES |
|   |
REFERENCING |
REFERENCING |
| RELATIVE |
RELATIVE |
  |
|   |
RELEASE |
RELEASE |
| REPEAT |
REPEAT |
REPEAT |
| RESIGNAL |
RESIGNAL |
RESIGNAL |
| RESTRICT |
RESTRICT |
  |
|   |
RESULT |
RESULT |
| RETURN |
RETURN |
RETURN |
| RETURNS |
RETURNS |
RETURNS |
| REVOKE |
REVOKE |
REVOKE |
| RIGHT |
RIGHT |
RIGHT |
|   |
ROLE |
  |
| ROLLBACK |
ROLLBACK |
ROLLBACK |
|   |
ROLLUP |
ROLLUP |
| ROUTINE |
ROUTINE |
  |
|   |
ROW |
ROW |
| ROWS |
ROWS |
ROWS |
|   |
SAVEPOINT |
SAVEPOINT |
| SCHEMA |
SCHEMA |
  |
|   |
SCOPE |
SCOPE |
| SCROLL |
SCROLL |
SCROLL |
|   |
SEARCH |
SEARCH |
| SECOND |
SECOND |
SECOND |
| SECTION |
SECTION |
  |
| SELECT |
SELECT |
SELECT |
|   |
SENSITIVE |
SENSITIVE |
| SESSION |
SESSION |
  |
| SESSION_USER |
SESSION_USER |
SESSION_USER |
| SET |
SET |
SET |
|   |
SETS |
  |
| SIGNAL |
SIGNAL |
SIGNAL |
|   |
SIMILAR |
SIMILAR |
| SIZE |
SIZE |
  |
| SMALLINT |
SMALLINT |
SMALLINT |
| SOME |
SOME |
SOME |
| SPACE |
SPACE |
  |
| SPECIFIC |
SPECIFIC |
SPECIFIC |
|   |
SPECIFICTYPE |
SPECIFICTYPE |
| SQL |
SQL |
SQL |
| SQLCODE |
  |
  |
| SQLERROR |
  |
  |
| SQLEXCEPTION |
SQLEXCEPTION |
SQLEXCEPTION |
| SQLSTATE |
SQLSTATE |
SQLSTATE |
| SQLWARNING |
SQLWARNING |
SQLWARNING |
|   |
START |
START |
|   |
STATE |
  |
|   |
STATIC |
STATIC |
|   |
  |
SUBMULTISET |
| SUBSTRING |
  |
  |
| SUM |
  |
  |
|   |
SYMMETRIC |
SYMMETRIC |
|   |
SYSTEM |
SYSTEM |
| SYSTEM_USER |
SYSTEM_USER |
SYSTEM_USER |
| TABLE |
TABLE |
TABLE |
|   |
  |
TABLESAMPLE |
| TEMPORARY |
TEMPORARY |
  |
| THEN |
THEN |
THEN |
| TIME |
TIME |
TIME |
| TIMESTAMP |
TIMESTAMP |
TIMESTAMP |
| TIMEZONE_HOUR |
TIMEZONE_HOUR |
TIMEZONE_HOUR |
| TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
| TO |
TO |
TO |
| TRAILING |
TRAILING |
TRAILING |
| TRANSACTION |
TRANSACTION |
  |
| TRANSLATE |
  |
  |
| TRANSLATION |
TRANSLATION |
TRANSLATION |
|   |
TREAT |
TREAT |
|   |
TRIGGER |
TRIGGER |
| TRIM |
  |
  |
| TRUE |
TRUE |
TRUE |
|   |
UNDER |
  |
| UNDO |
UNDO |
UNDO |
| UNION |
UNION |
UNION |
| UNIQUE |
UNIQUE |
UNIQUE |
| UNKNOWN |
UNKNOWN |
UNKNOWN |
|   |
UNNEST |
UNNEST |
| UNTIL |
UNTIL |
UNTIL |
| UPDATE |
UPDATE |
UPDATE |
| UPPER |
  |
  |
| USAGE |
USAGE |
  |
| USER |
USER |
USER |
| USING |
USING |
USING |
| VALUE |
VALUE |
VALUE |
| VALUES |
VALUES |
VALUES |
| VARCHAR |
VARCHAR |
VARCHAR |
| VARYING |
VARYING |
VARYING |
| VIEW |
VIEW |
  |
| WHEN |
WHEN |
WHEN |
| WHENEVER |
WHENEVER |
WHENEVER |
| WHERE |
WHERE |
WHERE |
| WHILE |
WHILE |
WHILE |
|   |
WINDOW |
WINDOW |
| WITH |
WITH |
WITH |
|   |
WITHIN |
WITHIN |
|   |
WITHOUT |
WITHOUT |
| WORK |
WORK |
  |
| WRITE |
WRITE |
  |
| YEAR |
YEAR |
YEAR |
| ZONE |
ZONE |
  |
|